Belgium

Population: 
10431000

Belgium became independent from the Netherlands in 1830; it was occupied by Germany during World Wars I and II. The country prospered in the past half century as a modern, technologically advanced European state and member of NATO and the EU. Tensions between the Dutch-speaking Flemings of the north and the French-speaking Walloons of the south have led in recent years to constitutional amendments granting these regions formal recognition and autonomy.

Ethnicity: 
Fleming 58%, Walloon 31%, mixed or other 11%
Religion: 
Roman Catholic 75%, other (includes Protestant) 25%

Country information from the CIA World Factbook.